Hybrid CLOB + AMM

The hybrid routing system delivers several key benefits:

For Traders:

  • Best Execution: Automatic routing to optimal prices

  • Reduced Slippage: Large orders split intelligently

  • Guaranteed Fills: AMM backstop ensures execution

  • Transparent: Router logic is deterministic and verifiable

For the Protocol:

  • Risk Management: Controls vault exposure dynamically

  • Market Balancing: Corrects OI imbalances through routing

  • Stability: Emergency modes protect during extreme conditions

  • Efficiency: Liquidity utilized optimally across venues

For Liquidity Providers:

  • Balanced Exposure: Routing prevents vault overload

  • Fair Pricing: Oracle-aligned execution protects from adverse selection

  • Controlled Risk: OI limits and utilization caps enforced

  • Predictable Returns: Risk-adjusted routing improves LP economics


Traditional central limit order books (CLOBs) and automated market makers (AMMs) each bring distinct strengths and weaknesses to decentralized perpetual exchanges:

  • CLOBs: Efficient price discovery, tight spreads, and better capital efficiency — but they rely on active market makers and can struggle with thin liquidity in long-tail markets.

  • vAMMs: Always-on liquidity and permissionless participation — but they often suffer from higher slippage, impermanent loss, and less capital efficiency.

A hybrid model integrates both:

  • AMM pools provide baseline liquidity that guarantees users can always enter or exit positions.

  • CLOBs allow professional market makers and active traders to place limit orders, tightening spreads and improving depth.

  • The system can route trades dynamically: small orders get filled against the book for optimal pricing, while large trades tap into AMM reserves to reduce slippage.

In this model, the order router intelligently prioritizes liquidity sources:

  1. CLOB Liquidity First

    • Orders are matched against the central limit order book whenever possible.

    • This ensures traders get the best available price, with minimal slippage, while incentivizing professional market makers to provide depth.

  2. AMM as Always-On Backup

    • If the CLOB cannot fully fill the order (e.g., large size or thin liquidity), the router automatically taps into the AMM pool.

    • This guarantees trade execution, even in illiquid or volatile markets, with predictable pricing from the pool.

  3. Dynamic Routing & Price Improvement

    • Partial fills can be split: best price levels from the book first, then the remainder settled against the AMM.

    • This dual-source routing provides price improvement for traders while ensuring continuous market availability.


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